The basal ganglia control the rewarding effects of substance use and contribute to habitual drug taking.

The basal ganglia are deep brain structures that play a central role in the brain’s reward system. When a person uses drugs, this area responds by releasing dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and motivation. Over time, repeated drug use changes the basal ganglia, making drug-seeking behaviors more automatic and habitual, often overriding other activities and desires. This shift is why addiction feels compulsive and difficult to control.