The optimal average temperature for global economic productivity is centered on 13 degrees Celsius.

A landmark study analyzing fifty years of data across 166 nations revealed that economic performance peaks at an average temperature of 13°C. When a country's climate warms beyond this threshold, productivity declines sharply. This sweet spot means that global warming will inevitably widen the wealth gap. Cooler, richer nations may experience temporary benefits, while hotter, poorer countries face devastating losses. By 2100, this thermal shift could slash global economic output by 23 percent.