'Как дела' functions primarily as a casual greeting in Russian, equivalent to 'how are you?' in English.

The phrase 'как дела' literally translates to 'how are things' or 'how are affairs,' and is used extensively in Russian-speaking communities as a friendly inquiry into someone's well-being or current state. It serves as a social icebreaker rather than a deep question, often expecting a brief, positive response regardless of actual circumstances.