The name 'Golgotha' (Place of the Skull) likely refers to the topography or common use of the site.

There are several theories regarding the etymology and meaning of 'Golgotha.' One common explanation is that the rock outcrop itself resembled a skull or a series of skulls, perhaps due to natural erosion or the presence of human skulls from previous executions. Another theory suggests it was a place of execution, hence associated with death and skulls. Additionally, the area was known to have been an ancient quarry, leaving exposed rock faces and caves that could have contributed to its 'skull-like' appearance. The practice of burial at such sites, often in rock-cut tombs (like the adjacent Garden Tomb), further aligns with the association of 'skulls' or funerary practices.